Parafuso:
Once you've got the basic double kick, which is like an
armada jumping into a martelo, or meia lua de frente with the
other leg, you can try to speed it up. Just lean further back,
which takes alot of guts, and really whip the second leg, the
goal being to land on both feet, or just on the kicking leg. Its
much easier if you bend the armada leg once you are in the air,
and kick the second leg like a meia lua as you learn, then when
you are better, as a martelo, because its a faster kick. Another
thing to remember is that the second kick doesn't have to be
high. Aim for height with your jump and then speed for your kick.
For more height, you swing your arms in a circular motion before
the jump, as you can see in the picture sequence.
Armada
Dupla (Evergado): To do this move, it helps to be able to do
at least a basic parafuso and the suicidio (jumping up with both
legs in front to touch your toes). Its hard to explain because
its all one motion, but... starting from your ginga, step forward
with the back leg like you are doing a Parafuso. You then step
around with the other leg to bring both feet together while
swinging your arms around and downward in a circular motion. Keep
the arms swinging so that they are now going around and upward.
Twist your torso toward the direction of the jump, and lean back.
When you feel your body rising, kick hard off both feet.
Remember, the swing of your arms is the key to height. Another
thing to keep in mind is to go forward, not straight up, because
that make it harder for your legs to rotate.
Variations:

Folha
secca: Only attempt if you've got the salto mortal (back
summy) down solid, and always remember your hands are always
there to break your fall. If you are familiar with the Fosbury
flop high jump technique, it will help. Take a walking step
forward while swinging your arms gently back. Now kick the back
leg up while swinging your arms and arching back like a mortal.
Push off with your supporting leg when your kicking leg is about
parallel to the ground (ie. you are going up, not forward). The
kick, swing and push should all be a smooth motion. The sequence
on the top show the "easy" way, which is to keep the
kicking leg going up, and bringing the other leg up meet it. You
should land on both legs. The other sequence is another way where
you pretty much do nothing once you're in the air so that you
land on the kicking leg. You can also try tucking your body (into
a ball) completely when you are in the air.
Aú
Sem Mão: My first move. First of all, practise the open Aú
with both hands. Push hard with the inside foot so that you can
hardly feel any weight on your hands. Next, practise the Aú with
only the inside hand, then with only the outside hand. If you can
do these pretty neatly, go for the Aú Sem Mão. For this move,
the important thing is the swing of your upper body which starts
the rotation, then once it has reached its limit (picture 4 in
the above sequence), you push off hard with your inside foot.
This move is also easier if you have flexible legs. Keep in mind
the Capoeira rule of keeping your eyes on your opponent when you
are doing the Aú, because that helps you do this move properly.
Some Capoeiristas can get mean height, without their upper body
going down at all. I don't know how to do this, so if anyone
knows, please tell me!
Mariposa:
You have to have a good butterfly kick (a kind of no hands
horizontal cartwheel) to attempt this one (tips on how to do this
coming soon), and I suggest you practise on soft ground. Stand
with your legs as far apart as you would usually do before an
Aú. Twist your body away from the direction of your spin (your
spin will go toward you natural spinning side, just think which
side you do your best armada, clockwise/anti-clockwise), with
your weight on the far leg. Next, transfer your weight onto the
front leg as you swing your body around, spreading your arms.
Follow the swing not across, but around, so that your back leg
comes up into the air. Once your body is ready to take off like
in a butterfly, jump off the grounded leg and twist your torso
hard, especially the shoulders, bringing in your arms for greater
speed. Your head should be facing the direction of the spin. Your
body should naturally try to land on its feet, although this may
mean your knees if you are not high enough. Remember that the
keys to this move is height and twisting your upper body.